The Struggle Of The Civil War - 919 Words

The Civil War lasted for only four years, from 1861-1865, but it led to many economic, political, and social developments that remained for far longer than the fighting. From 1860-1877, for example, many impactful events happened leading to the start and end of the war and into the rebuilding that was necessary after the fighting left behind devastation. In 1861, Fort Sumter was fired upon, and the north was angered into action causing Lincoln to call for soldiers to come and fight the south. Along with his call for soldiers, he became commander in chief and carried out his role as president through a military standpoint, thereby strengthening his position and the whole government. After the war came to a close, though the fighting was done, the devastation was incredible and the nation was forced into having to rebuild the broken government and sense of unity, they did this through improving communication, passing laws to include blacks, and trying to make money after the Emancipati on Proclamation freed their workforce. For 17 years, the nation was riddled with changes in all areas of life including the economy, politics, and social problems due to the destructive Civil War and the powerful leadership of Abraham Lincoln. Prior to the 1860s, many events led to the southern states anger towards the government, however, the final straw was Abraham Lincoln being elected president in 1860, though he wasn’t on some of the southern states’ ballots. This caused uproar and SouthShow MoreRelatedThe Struggle Of The Civil War1684 Words   |  7 Pageseverything about the Civil War he decided to reflect on the Civil War as seen through Drawn With The Sword published in 1996. Mcpherson decided to split Battle Cry Of Freedom into five different parts and each of those parts tying back to his five themes established in the preface of the book. Those themes being slavery being a polarizing issue that split the country and brought the war, evolution of a conflict from limited war for restoration of the old Union to a total war for a new birth of freedomRead MoreThe Struggle Of The Civil War1492 Words   |  6 PagesTexans contend that the Civil War was not fought over slavery, citing the limited number of slave-owning households in the state. While the majority of Texans did not own slaves, it would be inaccurate to argue that they were therefore against slavery. Texas, representative of other southern states that supported slavery, had a vested interest in preserving the institution at all costs, which is why they risked their lives over it. Moreover, Texans may argue that the civil war was about states’ rightsRead MoreThe Struggle Of The Civil War908 Words   |  4 Pagesera changing events occurred such as the civil war, death of our founding fathers among other events that really shaped America to what it is today. There were many dark times throughout this century as hope seemed to be lost and the thought of the north losing t he civil war could not be fathom as today’s society would be drastically different. To this point in American history we have succeeded from England became independent and winning the revolutionary war, we have wrote our own declaration andRead MoreThe Struggle Of The Civil War1235 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War was fought over states rights and slavery, and whether slavery should be expanded into the western states. The compromises of 1820 and 50 was made to maintain the amount of free and slave states in Congress. Though with Lincoln’s election the southern states seceded due to the south believing he would abolish slavery, though only 1% of the south’s population owned slaves, however, most of the south was consumed by sectionalism which caused all of them to simply believe that slaveryRead MoreThe Struggle Of The Civil War1863 Words   |  8 Pagescrisis called the Civil War. The Civil War was a make or break situation for the United States because it questioned the idea that all men were created equally and had the same rights and freedoms as each other. This war was especially crucial to the slaves during this time for the idea that they wanted to be treated equally to the white man The African slaves saw this war as an opportunity of freedom, but that was not the only cause of the war. One major issue leading to the Civil War was the groupsRead MoreThe Struggle Of The American Civil War765 Words   |  4 Pages  The American Civil War, was a civil war fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the survival of the Union or independence for the Confederacy. Among the 34 states in January 1861, seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, simply called the South, grew to include eleven states. Although they claimed thirteen states and additional western territories, the Confederacy was never recognized byRead MoreThe Struggle Of The Russian Civil War1707 Words   |  7 PagesRussian Civil War On October, 1917, the Bolshevik party overthrew the Russian government and arrested him. They take control over Russia. From there, things start to not go really well because of the Bolsheviks policies. A chaos starts to begin a lot of people weren’t happy. The economy was bad, there was a great inflation. Also, they were having a lot of enemies. All these people who hated them start to come together and they formed a group which called the Whites. From there, the civil war startsRead MoreThe Struggle For Equality And Rights During The Civil War1323 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans who sought the same liberty and equality that was promised to everyone under the United States constitution. These liberties, of course, were not achieved right away. During the Reconstruction era, which is the decade right after the Civil War, many of the recently freed slaves did not have money, property, or credit. They could not buy the necessary things to enjoy their freedom, which lead to sharecropping, a glorified form of slavery. Sharecropping is a system of agriculture in whichRead MoreSpanish Civil War: The Struggle Between Fascism and Communism 1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe Spanish civil war of 1936-1939 was an important conflict in Spain’s history. This war was initiated by a military revolt led by General Francisco Franco on the 17 July 1936 and ended with Franco’s victory on the 1 April, 1939. This victory resulted in the replacement of the Second Spanish Republic with the conservative dictatorship of Franco. This conflict triggered the clash of the various cultures and ideologies within Spain. One important example of an ideological clash was that of CommunismRead MoreEssay about Struggles in Post Civil War America1020 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War split the nation in half. It tore apart families, and Union soldiers against Confederate soldiers for four miserable years. From the first shots fired at Fort Sumter 1861, and end ing with a unanimous Confederate victory in 1865. All in all 630,000 people died and many thousands wounded. The deaths in the Civil War totally surpassed the death totals from any other war (1). For those managed to survive the up hill battle just began, they faced many unknowns in a world moving in an uncertain

The Legacy Of World War II - 1161 Words

World War II stands out as one of the grisliest wars in human history. Though it s the effects that make it a unique war. With over twelve countries involved in the war, it brought billions of people together (World). It generally wasn’t for the best, but there are moments where it brought good. My grandparents were one of these moments. Early life My Grandfather, Donald Charles Falk, came into this world on November 15, 1925. He was born and raised in Woodruff, Wisconsin mostly by his father, due to his mother passing when he was six year old. â€Å"His father remained single and raised the children for several years which meant that the children† mostly took care of themselves due to the absents of their mother. â€Å"Before the war he worked on his dad’s farm†, but he also worked at a bowling alley where he set up the pins manually. In 1942, three years after Germany invaded Poland signaling the start of WWII, my grandfather joined the war at the young age of 17. His father, who had previously served in WWI, had to sign documents in order for him to serve in the war because he was so young. My grandfather â€Å"believed that America should be free and protected.† He would always say â€Å"No greater gift does a man have than to lay down his life for his country and his family. Till the day he died he always lived up to this (Weatherly). War When my grandfather decided to go into the military he choose to join the Navy. The first ship he served on was the USS Savannah. He was one ofShow MoreRelatedThe Audience Of The Life, Achievements, And Legacy Of Nazi World War II1075 Words   |  5 Pagesaudience of the life, achievements, and legacy of Nazi World War II hero, Oskar Schindler. Introduction I. 6 million people. 6 million innocent people died in the Holocaust. Now I want you to ask yourself, if you were alive to witness this period of mass genocide and had the opportunity to save even one innocent life, even if it meant risking your own, would you have? The answer to this very question is what forever defines Oskar Schindler s legacy II. Many of you may know of him through LiamRead MoreThe Legacy Of Imperialism And Democracy Building After World War II1127 Words   |  5 PagesThe Legacy of Imperialism and Democracy Building after World War II Nagata, Japan – Post World War II Japan was made into a protectorate of America after their unconditional surrender. ¹ During the next seven years, Allied powers occupied Japan. After Japan s military forces were demobilized and repatriated, the Occupation, led by General Douglas MacArthur of the U.S. army, turned to the problem of making Japan democratic with the hope that its people would never again be led to fight a war of aggressionRead MoreThe Treaty Of The Cold War976 Words   |  4 Pages The Cold War was a unique war, nothing like the wars that had come before. It did not have a clear start, no real first battle to start the hostilities. It could be said that the Warsaw upraising in 1944 was the beginning, though what that symbolized was coming went unnoticed by the United States. It was not until two years later in 1946 that the United States finally realized that they had walked out of the fire World War II and into the frying pan of a new war (International). That kind of subtleRead MoreHitler s Influe nce On The World946 Words   |  4 PagesThe world would be different today if not for one very important leader of Germany. â€Å"[Hitler] had more impact on the history of the world in the 20th century than any other political figure.† (Noakes, 1) Considered one of the cruelest men of the 1900’s, Adolf Hitler was also one of the greatest leaders. As a young boy, Hitler was always interested in war and when he was old enough, he went to serve his country in World War I. While in recovery after being wounded, Hitler heard that Germany surrenderedRead MoreLife of Audie Leon Murphy805 Words   |  3 Pagesenlisted into the 3rd Infantry Division - 15th Regiment. During the course of World War II, Audie served in seven major campaigns, was promoted from Private to First Lieutenant, and was received 24 decorations, including the Medal of Honor, which he earned on January 26, 1945. His actions in earning the Medal of Honor were by the Secretary of War as  ¦indomitable co urage and ¦refusal to give an inch of ground (U. S. Secretary of War, 1945), and more pointedly described by an eyewitness as  ¦the greatestRead MoreThe World s Foreign Policy1593 Words   |  7 PagesAs the world turned over into the 20th century the threat of war could be seen throughout European countries. Tensions arising from alliances, the arming of nations, and the deep seated hatred still present from past loses were all too present. In late July of 1914 the powder keg that was Europe would erupt and the countries would be pushed into the fires of war. However, the United States of America would stand on the sideline for some time before becoming involved in an affair they had no careRead MoreExamining Through American Empire By Joshua B Freeman957 Words   |  4 Pagesadvocates that the tenure of World War I created one of the most profound legacies across the world. The legacy resulted in the collapse of countries such German, Russia, Ottoman Empire, and Austro-Hunga rian. On the other hand, the author defines that existence of World War II came in with much influence to the Americans. The events within the World War II integrated America from being a collection of states to a formidable American empire. Compared to its presence after World War I, Freeman notes to theRead MoreShikhar Giri. Professor Sinclair. History-1302. 07 January,1580 Words   |  7 Pages2017 Final Assignment 1. How and why did FDR and the New Deal fundamentally transform America? In your answer, consider the changes related to business, farmers, laborers, minorities, and politics. What were the limits of the New Deal? What was its legacy? The New Deal was a movement of undertakings, including, most noticeably, Government managed savings, that were built up in the Unified States in the region of 1933 and 1938, and a couple that came later. They included both laws pass by Congress andRead MoreHiroshima Imagery The Modern Mind : Readings For World Cultures IIi 140 )995 Words   |  4 PagesTo keep a lasting, permanent peace, I want to convey the heart of ‘Hiroshima’†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Mapping the Modern Mind: Readings for World Cultures III 140). While her retelling is laden with hauntingly grotesque depictions of both the atrocities seen within the first few hours of the explosion and those seen decades later, her goal was balanced. Watanabe firmly states that her purpose it not to victimize herself or to spread hate toward the United States. In fact, her account does not place the blame on any particularRead MoreThe Horrors Of Nazi Germany1485 Words   |  6 Pagespeople were groups such as: gypsies, poles, Afro-Germans, homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Soviet prisoners of war, and people with disabilities (Victims, 2015). Since the population was decreasing in Germany it was highly frowned upon to get an abortion. Himmler tried to get the population to grow so he decided to come up with a master plan called the Lebensborn Program. After World War I, Germany lost a lot of Aryan and Nordic members so the push for the program to open was a big event. The Lebensborn

To Be a Californian Free Essays

Every day, thousands of people migrate to different sectors of the globe, to capitalize opportunity or pursue better lifestyles for themselves. California is one such state, which prides itself in being able to accommodate diverse populations and cultures. Like many stipulated theories. We will write a custom essay sample on To Be a Californian or any similar topic only for you Order Now Immigrants chose the land to Inhabit based on the desire to acquire better living standards for themselves. Immigrants that arrive in California for instance seek the warm natural scenery provided by the state, the freedom to live whichever way they deem fit, the available bob resources, and the willingness to dream and achieve one’s dreams. Those who aspire to be Californian are told that there are deferent methods to do this. The promises linked with being Californian leaves them with the desire to migrate and gain the new life promised to them. On closer examination, it becomes apparent that the concept of being Californian is linked to Individuals that have the freedom to live their lives as they please, work hard to achieve their dreams, and be tolerant of diversity. Nevertheless, any concept that goes against this remiss may lead to failure of not becoming a â€Å"real† Californian. To support this discussion, an examination of Denies Sponsor’s â€Å"A new Perspective on the Dream,† Quays â€Å"Interviews† together with support from the survey result on Californian identity, will show that individuals’ that desire to live a free life, are tolerant of diversity, and aspire to achieve their dreams qualify to be â€Å"real† Californians. Excerpts from Sponsor’s article gives the illumination that a â€Å"real† Californian is a person that lives freely and enjoys every aspect of life. Spooned (2008, p. 2) gives an illustration of how people migrated from Iowa so that they could get away from the Judgment surrounding the community. In the post war era, California presented an area where one could run away from sexism, racism, and self-freedom. The essence that surrounds freedom is the desire to escape imprisonment or slavery offered within the society. It is also the desire to give an individual’s TO BE A CALIFO RNIAN 3 family new opportunity to experience realities that one may have missed. Therefore, they choose to migrate to California since they experience a lack of advancement or retardation in their current environment. As I conduct some interviews with some of the individuals in the region, one respondent retorted that he migrated to be free from poverty. This is a similar story to the one given by Spooned, which talks about a young girl who experiences a sense of freedom through her uncle’s migratory nature. It is evident through this story that freedom is acquired through progression areas may ring restriction into how much an individual can progress, California offers a place to gain new insight into freedom and its splendor. Spooned continues and says that when many people hear of the wonderful life in California, they cannot help, but find ways to get there (spooned 2008). This is a clear indication of the sense of peace and freedom experienced within the state. An essential component of being a â€Å"real† Californian is taking risks as a way of achieving one’s dreams or combating one’s problems. Many people are deprived of the splendid essentials that life has to offer, and so grow up hoping to create better lives than they had. This is evident in an interview of Cruz Reynolds as presented by Quay Cruz grew up in an age where many Mexicans experience segregation, but through his efforts, he was able to acquire equality for his school members of Mexican descent. Cruz, like many immigrants, had a desire to live better lives than their parents or make better lives for future generations. Sometimes, however, this implies sacrificing one’s time to struggle for the things that are essential or meaningful in their lives. How to cite To Be a Californian, Papers

Change Management in Health for Informatics- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theChange Management in Health for Medical Informatics. Answer: Two factors driving change the area of Health Information Technology The first factor that is driving change in the area of health information technology is the need for improving the quality of care. Health care sector has faced the pressure to redesign its workflow due to challenges in handling large flow of patient, handling complex patient information and ensuring safety of patient (Reidy et al., 2017). In response to the issues in workflow, the introduction of the electronic health record (EHR) was a major change implemented in the area of health information technology. Advanced technologies used for the adoption of EHR helped to manage workforce challenges and cut cost and time involved in handling huge information of patients (Campion et al., 2014). Another factor that has driven change in health information technology is the rise in ageing population and increased health service utilization due to risk of illness and age related disability in people. Considering the changes in the patient engagement with care due to the ageing population, the health care sector responded by modernizing the health care system and and incorporating health information technology to easily reach to patients with advancing age and range of difficulties (Berwick, Nolan Whittington, 2017). New health IT technology has been specifically targeted older adults and health IT tools has reduces the problem of accessibility and support for these people (Fischer et al., 2014). Management of change: In the context of ageing population, one of the major challenges in implementing health IT for elderly people was promoting acceptance and efficient use of the technology among elderly. To manage the change process, health care managers focused on bringing change in all aspects such as cultural, social, operational and technical aspects of the health care organization. This process of managing change is relevant to the systems theory which states that organization is a system consisting of internal and external element that influences the behavior of the whole organization (Rice, 2013). While developing and implementing health IT for elderly, the first factor that was considered was the elements that would act as a barrier to the use of technology by elder people. Some of the common perceived barriers among elderly population was the challenges related to familiarity with the tool, poor trust of the technology, lack of willingness to use IT, design related challenges and privacy issues in using the technology (Lee Coughlin, 2015). In response to this, it was planned to change all necessary elements that would act as barrier for the elderly patients. In the context of design barrier, the complexity related to interfaces and executive function of tools was reduces and large font and lighting option was provided to facilitate use of technology among elderly. In addition, family and caregivers use of technology is also crucial to fulfill the purpose of HIT tools. The access and training needs of elderly was addressed by educating the seniors through several programs an d recruitment of helpdesk staff in community. The reliability of the IT tool was enhanced by giving proper information related to system provided to identify frauds and prevent abuse of the technology (Fischer et al., 2014). These entire steps are appropriate method to manage the change and prepare all stakeholders in easily using the new technology in the existing health care environment. Method of managing change using the change management model: Health care organizations which have adapted EHR and other IT tools in the work process has mainly used the Kotters eight step change model to prepare the staffs to use the new tools in daily care process. The first step in this change model is establishing a sense of urgency regarding the need for change to individual staffs and the organization. In the context of HER adoption, this was done mainly to help staffs understand the advantage of HER in reducing time involved in managing patient information and promoting efficiency in the care process. The second step involves building a team of effective individuals who will help and coordinate the change process (Pollack Pollack, 2015). Technology managers and front-line clinicians has been involved in extending sponsorship, training and optimization needs of other staffs in using HIT. This is followed by the step to developing clear direction and vision and communicating the same to all employees. Top clinical managers have also focus ed on giving education to health care staffs regarding the clinical benefits of health information tools like EHR (King et al., 2014).The fifth stage in managing the change is empowering the employees to participate in the change. This has been done by providing education and training to staffs regarding the use of IT tools before implementing them in usual care process. The final stage of consolidating the change has been done by taking feedback and evaluating the effect of introducing IT tool on quality related outcome and patients satisfaction with care (Nguyen, Bellucci Nguyen, 2014). Reference Berwick, D. M., Nolan, T. W., Whittington, J. (2017). The triple aim: care, health, and cost.Health affairs. Campion Jr, T. R., Johnson, S. B., Paxton, E. W., Mushlin, A. I., Sedrakyan, A. (2014). Implementing unique device identification in electronic health record systems: organizational, workflow, and technological challenges.Medical care,52(1), 26-31. Fischer, S. H., David, D., Crotty, B. H., Dierks, M., Safran, C. (2014). Acceptance and use of health information technology by community-dwelling elders.International journal of medical informatics,83(9), 624-635. King, J., Patel, V., Jamoom, E. W., Furukawa, M. F. (2014). Clinical benefits of electronic health record use: national findings.Health services research,49(1pt2), 392-404. Lee, C., Coughlin, J. F. (2015). PERSPECTIVE: Older adults' adoption of technology: an integrated approach to identifying determinants and barriers.Journal of Product Innovation Management,32(5), 747-759. Nguyen, L., Bellucci, E., Nguyen, L. T. (2014). Electronic health records implementation: an evaluation of information system impact and contingency factors.International journal of medical informatics,83(11), 779-796. Pollack, J., Pollack, R. (2015). Using Kotters eight stage process to manage an organisational change program: Presentation and practice.Systemic Practice and Action Research,28(1), 51-66. Reidy, J., Halvorson, J., Makowski, S., Katz, D., Weinstein, B., McCluskey, C., ... Tjia, J. (2017). Health System Advance Care Planning Culture Change for High-Risk Patients: The Promise and Challenges of Engaging Providers, Patients, and Families in Systematic Advance Care Planning.Journal of palliative medicine,20(4), 388-394. Rice, A. L. (Ed.). (2013).The enterprise and its environment: A system theory of management organization(Vol. 10). Routledge.

Why fear the angels Review Essay Example

Why fear the angels Review Paper Essay on Why fear the angels You know, before going to the bookstore, I like the plague shied away from the shelves with the books Mona Lisa series they seemed to me candy snotty, tearful womens novels, and the leaf cover is not helped to draw attention to someone else, but to a female audience (in any way, I certainly am, but a fan of romance novels has never been). Actually, not much has changed now. At least, I have not had a chance to meet a man with a small volume of this series in the hands 🙂 Personally, my literary horizons widened to these works. This book can be called pleasant reading for one night. Dynamic action, adventure on every page and tearjerker romance all this takes place in the scenery of a gloomy, winter, wrapped in yellow smog in London of the eighteenth century. Due to the small amount of product developments will not have time tiring you, and the characters will remember the living and natural The title of the work is a reference to An Essay on criticism Pope:.  « Always there throws a fool , We will write a custom essay sample on Why fear the angels Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why fear the angels Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why fear the angels Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Where the angel did not dare to take a step  » Then, in the course of the narrative this issue rises again, but the protagonists -. Sebastian St. Cyr and his beloved Kate Boleyn in the discussion the behavior of the first victims of the killer (it is, in combination, the best friend and colleague Kate on stage):  «- So what are afraid and Ngele -? Love. I think Angel is afraid to love a mortal who will it belong only to a short while and then leave forever  » Here is traced the main leitmotif of the narrative -. And the history of the Viscount of relations with the popular actress, and the cause of death of Rachel York . and the ever cheerful Saint-Cyr and the young tramp Tom! The boys mother was sent to prison, so that he is forced to live on the streets, and trade in petty theft. That helps unravel the complicated tangle of Viscount intrigue and find the real killer of an innocent victim. What can be said about the couple they are fast, agile and bold. They can do anything, they believe in their good fortune, and it is on their side As a result, before us is well-written, interesting detective story, with characters lovingly written out and keep tension until the end.; . Leaving a pleasant aftertaste and desire to read other books about the adventures of Viscount Devlin and his assistant Tom In parentheses we note that the translation is poor in the text and then caught uncharacteristic of Russian speech. This, of course, is not surprising, because now rarely come across their high-quality specimens. Only here because oddity text translates person for whom the Russian language is native, and reading his work, you can feel the obvious absurdities Well, thats the way, so to speak;) Total 9/10 excellent.

A Competitive Analysis of Trading in Reliance Money

A Competitive Analysis of Trading in Reliance Money Free Online Research Papers ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Preservation, inspiration and motivation have always played a key role in the success of any venture. In the present world of competition and success, training is like a bridge between theoretical and practical working; willingly I prepared this particular Project. First of all I would like to thank the supreme power, the almighty god, who is the one who has always guided me to work on the right path of my life. I would like to thank Mr. Sandeep Saini (Centre Manager) for granting me permission to undertake the training in their esteemed organization. I also thanks to Mr. Arpan Sethi (finance Head), Mr. Vikas of Reliance Money for their time-to-time guidance and support in completing the project. I also thank the other staff of Reliance Money, Ambala who devoted their valuable time by helping me to complete my project. I express my sincere thanks to Dr. Raj Kumar Goyal (Director) and Mr. Adrash aggarwal (Head of department), Ms. Neetu Menhdiratta (Faculty Guide) of M.B.A. department, for the valuable suggestion and making this project a real successful. Last but not least, my sincere thanks to My Parents and Friends who directly or indirectly helped me to bring this project into the final shape. VIPIN GOYAL DATE:- PREFACE â€Å"A good broker system must be able to cope with an extremely complex and dynamic environment.† The microstructure of the stock market in which brokers work is highly dynamic and volatile. Many stocks are available to be bought and sold, each exhibiting its own patterns and characteristics that are highly unpredictable. With so many options and considerations that need to be taken into account, it is an extremely difficult task for a broker to investigate aspects of the stock market and consistently provide effective advice to their clients. Thus, brokers perform their day-to-day tasks with the aid of a broker system. Such a system should provide tools for interacting with exchanges and performing analysis. As a consequence, these broker systems are quite large and complicated by themselves. This research aims to analysis Stock broker on the basis of their services, products, growth, and their competitiveness. Because Stockbrokers are one of the main participants in stock exchanges worldwide, they often act as an agent for their clients, making trades on their behalf. They also act as advisors, providing suggestions to their clients on what stocks to buy and sell. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY There is growing competition between brokerage firms in post reform India. For investor it is always difficult to decide which brokerage firm to choose. Research was carried out to find which brokerage house people prefer and to figure out what people prefer while investing in stock market. This study suggests that people are reluctant while investing in stock and commodity market due to lack of knowledge. Main purpose of investment is returns and liquidity, commodity market is less preferred by investors due to lack of awareness. The major findings of this study are that people are interested to invest in stock market but they lack knowledge. Through this report we were also able to understand, what are our Company’s (Reliance Money) positive and strong points, on the basis of which we come to know what can be the basis of pitching to a potential client. CONTENTS Declaration Acknowledgement Preface Certificate by Company Executive Summary CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC 1 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3-6 Objective of the study Type of the research Sample design Sample area Sample unit Size of sample Sources of data collection Survey method Limitations of the study CHAPTER 4 INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRY 7-16 Major Players in the Region ? Karvy ? ICICI Direct ? Indiainfoline ? HDFC Security ? Indiabulls Comparison with Competitors Market Share CHAPTER 5 INTRODUCTION TO COMPANY 17-30 Management Team of the company BOD of the company Vision Mission Highlights of company Organization Structure Products CHAPTER 6 DATA ANALYSIS FINDINGS 31-47 Data analysis Findings CHAPTER 7 SUGGESTIONS 48 CHAPTER 8 CONLUSION 49 Bibliography 50 Appendix 52-54 INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC I In most industrialized countries, a substantial part of financial wealth is not managed directly by savers, but through a financial intermediary, which implies the existence of an agency contract between the investor (the principal) and a broker or portfolio manager (the agent). Therefore, delegated brokerage management is arguably one of the most important agency relationships intervening in the economy, with a possible impact on financial market and economic developments at a macro level. In most of the metros, people like to put their money in stock options instead of dumping it in the bank-lockers. Now, this trend pick pace in small but fast developing cities like Chandigarh, Gurgaon, Jaipur, Ambala etc. My research is based on the residents of Ambala and its nearby areas. As the per-capita-income of the city is on the higher side, so it is quite obvious that they want to invest their money in profitable ventures. On the other hand, a number of brokerage houses make sure the hassle free investment in stocks. Asset management firms allow investors to estimate both the expected risks and returns, as measured statistically. There are mainly two types of Portfolio management strategies. 1. Passive Portfolio Strategy 2. Active Portfolio Strategy 1. Passive Portfolio Strategy: A strategy that involves minimal expectation input, and instead relies on diversification to match the performance of some market index. A passive strategy assumes that the marketplace will reflect all available information in the price paid for securities 2. Active Portfolio Strategy: A strategy that uses available information and forecasting techniques to seek a better performance than a portfolio that is simply diversified broadly. LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Dr. Jayanta Kumar Seal explore equity trading in India was basically a floor-based activity in the BSE. Traditionally, stock trading was done through stock brokers, personally or through telephones. As the no. of people trading in stock market increased enormously in last few years, a no. of stock brokers comes in the field, thus increasing further competition. Due to this, there come new innovations in trading. In this scenario, the existing players are left with two options-either to change their product offerings or to perish. 2. Ravinder Kumar Nidhi Walia found Indian investors are more conservative; they do not adopt any change easily. Till now just few investors can be recognized who are using technology for online stock trading. Traditional traders still prefer to choose broker as a stock trading mechanism because they are more loyal to their broker. Online trading empowers educated investors to make their own decisions with close watch on market sensitivity by browsing through various sites. 3. Ms. Nidhi Walia explores that with IT fueling economy, internet is adopted as effective tool in catalyzing the business activities. Latest developments in information technology have altogether changed business done traditionally. As financial system is becoming more complex it has become need of hour, where investor should comprehend the data and understand recent intricacies of online trading. In Indian context, e-trading is relatively new concept, which has yet to gain some significant meaning. In the past, investor had no option to get market information except to contact local broker. But internet trading in stock trading is becoming medium of exchange whereby investor can order stock exchange on simple mouse click sitting at his place. Keeping in view current market requirement an attempt has been made in this research paper to analyze current status of online trading in Indian scenario. 4. Mr. Ajay Kumar through this research finds which brokerage house people prefer and to figure out what people prefer while investing in stock market. This study suggests that people are reluctant while investing in stock and commodity market due to lack of knowledge. Main purpose of investment is returns and liquidity, commodity market is less preferred by investors due to lack of awareness. The major findings of this study are that people are interested to invest in stock market but they lack knowledge. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Objective of Study Each research study has its own specific purpose. It is like to discover to Question through the application of scientific procedure. But the main aim of our research to find out the truth that is hidden and which has not been discovered as yet. Our research study has following objectives:- Primary Objective: To know about the competitive position of the Reliance Money in competitive market. Secondary Objective: 1. To know the market share of different players in Share Market. 2. To study the services offered by different players to the customer. 3. TO access how Reliance Money is better than others competitors. 4. To check satisfaction level of customers of different players. TYPES OF RESEARCH The research is based on Descriptive and Qualitative research. Descriptive Research: Descriptive research includes surveys and fact finding enquires of different kinds. The major purpose of descriptive research is description of the state of affairs as it exists at present. Researcher has no control over the variables of this type of research. Qualitative Research: The research needs comparison between different stock brokers. So this is based on all qualitative data. In short, Qualitative research is especially important in the behavioral sciences where the aim is to discover the underline motives of human behavior. Through such research we can analyses various factors which motivate to people to behave in a particular manner or which make people like or dislike a particular thing. SAMPLE DESIGN â€Å"A sample design is a definite plan for obtaining a sample from a given population. It refers to the technique or the procedure the researcher would adopt in selecting item for the sample† Generally Sample designs are two types 1. PROBABILITY SAMPLE DESIGN 2. NON PROBABILITY SAMPLE DESIGN In the research Non-probability research design is used. SAMPLING AREA Sampling area may be a geographical one, such as state, district, village etc. The researcher will have to decide one or more of such area that he has to select for his study. In this research study Ambala as a sampling area. SAMPLING UNIT Sampling unit may be defined as an individual, pair or group of persons included as respondent. In this research study General Investors are the sampling units. SIZE OF SAMPLE â€Å"This refers to the number of items to be selected from the universe to constitute a sample† In the present research sample size is 100. But the research also study the 5 stock broker companies related to security commodity market like India-infoline, ICICI direct, HDFC-securities, Karvy consultant ltd. and indiabulls for the appropriate collection of the information. SOURES OF DATA COLLECTION While deciding about the method of data collection to be used for the study the researcher should keep to types of data. 1. Primary Data. 2. Secondary Data. Research uses primary data, as well as secondary data. Primary means collected as fresh, and the first time data and secondary means which are already available like annual report, magazines, internet, previously researches etc. SURVEY METHOD Survey refers to the method of securing information concerning phenomena under study from all or selected number of respondents of the concerned area. In a survey the investigator examines those phenomena which exist in the universe independent of his action. Research uses the Questionnaire Method. LIMITATIONS OF STUDY ? As only Ambala dealt in survey so it does not represent the view of the total Indian market. ? Size of the research may not be substantial. ? There was lack of time on the part of respondents. ? The survey was carried through questionnaire and the questions were based on perception. ? There may be biasness in information by market participant. ? Complete data was not available due to company privacy and secrecy. ? Customer dissatisfied with the services. ? People fear that as Reliance Money is a Private company so their money is not secured. ? Insurance means LIC for people. ? Misguidance by agents. ? Lacks of motivation as false commitments were made to customer by the company. INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRY The emergence of stock market can be traced back to 1830. In Bombay, business passed in the shares of banks like the commercial bank, the chartered mercantile bank, the chartered bank, the oriental bank and the old bank of Bombay and shares of cotton presses. In Calcutta, Englishman reported the quotations of 4%, 5%, and 6% loans of East India Company as well as the shares of the bank of Bengal in 1836. This list was a further broadened in 1839 when the Calcutta newspaper printed the quotations of banks like union bank and Agra bank. It also quoted the prices of business ventures like the Bengal bonded warehouse, the Docking Company and the storm tug company. Between 1840 and 1850, only half a dozen brokers existed for the limited business. But during the share mania of 1860-65, the number of brokers increased considerably. By 1860, the number of brokers was about 60 and during the exciting period of the American Civil war, their number increased to about 200 to 250. The end of American Civil war brought disillusionment and many failures and the brokers decreased in number and prosperity. It was in those troublesome times between 1868 and 1875 that brokers organized an informal association and finally as recited in the Indenture constituting the â€Å"Articles of Association of the Exchange†. On or about 9th day of July, 1875, a few native brokers doing brokerage business in shares and stocks resolved upon forming in Bombay an association for protecting the character, status and interest of native share and stock brokers and providing a hall or building for the use of the members of such association. As a meeting held in the broker’ Hall on the 5th day of February, 1887, it was resolved to execute a formal deal of association and to constitute the first managing committee and to appoint the first trustees. Accordingly, the Articles of Association of the Exchange and the Stock Exchange was formally established in Bombay on 3rd day of December, 1887. The Association is now known as â€Å"The Stock Exchange†. The entrance fee for new member was Re.1 and there were 318 members on the list, when the exchange was constituted. The numbers of members increased to 333 in 1896, 362 in 1916and 478 in 1920 and the entrance fee was raised to Rs.5 in 1877, Rs.1000 in 1896, Rs.2500 in 1916 and Rs. 48,000 in 1920. At present there are 23 recognized stock exchanges with about 6000 stock brokers. Organization structure of stock exchange varies. 14 stock exchanges are organized as public limited companies, 6 as companies limited by guarantee and 3 are non-profit voluntary organization. Of the total of 23, only 9 stock exchanges have been permanent recognition. Others have to seek recognition on annual basis. These exchange do not work of its own, rather, these are run by some persons and with the help of some persons and institution. All these are down as functionaries on stock exchange. These are 1. Stockbrokers 2. sub-broker 3. market makers 4. Portfolio consultants etc. 1.) Stockbrokers Stock brokers are the members of stock exchanges. These are the persons who buy, sell or deal in securities. A certificate of registration from SEBI is mandatory to act as a broker. SEBI can impose certain conditions while granting the certificate of registrations. It is obligatory for the person to abide by the rules, regulations and the buy-law. Stock brokers are commission broker, floor broker, arbitrageur etc. Detail of registered brokers Total no. of registered brokers as on 31.03.2008 Total no. of sub-brokers as on 31.03.2008 9000 24,000 2.) Sub-broker A sub-broker acts as agent of stock broker. He is not a member of a stock exchange. He assists the investors in buying, selling or dealing in securities through stockbroker. The broker and sub-broker should enter into an agreement in which obligations of both should be specified. Sub-broker must be registered SEBI for a dealing in securities. For getting registered with SEBI, he must fulfill certain rules and regulation. 3.) Market Makers Market maker is a designated specialist in the specified securities. They make both bid and offer at the same time. A market maker has to abide by bye-laws, rules regulations of the concerned stock exchange. He is exempt from the margin requirements. As per the listing requirements, a company where the paid-up capital is Rs. 3 crore but not more than Rs. 5 crore and having a commercial operation for less than 2 years should appoint a market maker at the time of issue of securities. 4.) Portfolio consultants A combination of securities such as stocks, bonds and money market instruments is collectively called as portfolio. Whereas the portfolio consultants are the persons, firms or companies who advise, direct or undertake the management or administration of securities or funds on behalf of their clients. MAJOR PLAYERS IN THE REGION 1. Karvy 2. ICICI direct 3. Indiainfoline 4. HDFC security 5. Indiabulls KARVY KARVY is a premier integrated financial services provider, and ranked among the top five in the country in all its business segments, services over 16 million individual investors in various capacities, and provides investor services to over 300 corporate, comprising the who is who of Corporate India. Karvy has a professional management team and ranks among the best in technology, operations and research of various industrial segments. History of Karvy The birth of Karvy was on a modest scale in 1981. It began with the vision and enterprise of a small group of practicing Chartered Accountants who founded the flagship company, Karvy Consultants Limited. They started with consulting and financial accounting automation and carved inroads into the field of registry and share accounting by 1985. Since then, Karvy utilized its experience and superlative expertise to go from strength to strength, to better their services, to innovate, diversify and in the process, evolved as one of India’s premier integrated financial service enterprise. PRODUCT AND SERVICES OF KARVY GROUP 1. Karvy comtrade. 2. Karvy consultant ltd. 3. Karvy merchant banking. 4. Karvy global services ltd. ICICI DIRECT ICICI Web Trade Limited (IWTL) maintains www.icicidirect.com (herein after referred to as the Website) whereas IWTL is an affiliate of ICICI Bank Limited and the Website is owned by ICICI Bank Limited. IWTL has launched and established an online trading service on the Website. PRODUCTS AND SERVICES OF ICICI DIRECT 1. Investing in Mutual funds 2. Personal Finance 3. Customer Service Features 4. IPO’s 5. Margin Trading 6. Margin PLUS Trading 7. Call Trade 8. Trading on NSE/BSE 9. Trade in derivatives INDIAINFOLINE SECURITY PRIVATE LTD India Infoline.com Securities Pvt. Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of India Infoline.com Ltd and is the stock broking arm of India Infoline.com. The subsidiary was formed to comply with regulatory guidelines. www.5paisa.com is a focused website for online stock market trading. 5paisa.com is a trade name owned by the India Infoline.com group. IILSPL has applied for trading membership of the BSE under Securities and Exchange Board of India (Stock Brokers and Sub-Brokers) Rules 1992. IILSPL is in the business of providing broking services online via the Internet (E-broking Services) and has been permitted by the NSE by way of registration permission no: NSEIL/CMO/INET/1103/2000 dated 03/July/2000, and will be applying for permission to the BSE, to provide E-broking Services to its clients. IILSPL is a TRADING MEMBER of the National Stock Exchange of India. PRODUCT OFFERED BY IILSPL 1. Stock market:- IILSPL deals in stock market by trading in equity and derivatives. 2. Personal finance:- It Deals In Mutual Fund And Insurance. 3. Online Trading :- It provides services in stock and commodity trading (through Internet). HDFC SECURITY HDFC security is the subsidiary of HDFC (Housing Development Financial Corporation). www.hdfcsec.com would have an exclusive discretion to decide the customers who would be entitled to its online investing services. www.hdfcsec.com also reserves the right to decide on the criteria based on which customers would be chosen to participate in these services .The present web site (www.hdfcsec.com) contains features of services that they offer/propose to offer in due course. The launch of new services is subject to the clearance of the regulators. i.e. SEBI, NSE and BSE. PRODUCT OFFERED BY HDFC SECURITY 1. Online trading for Resident Non Resident Indians. 2. Cash-n-Carry on both NSE and BSE. 3. Day trading on both NSE and BSE. 4. Trade on Futures Options on the NSE. 5. Online IPOs. 6. Telephone-based Broking (Equity Derivatives). INDIABULLS SECURITIES LIMITED Indiabulls Securities Limited was incorporated as GPF Securities Private Limited on June 9, 1995. The name of the company was changed to Orbis Securities Private Limited on December 15, 1995 to change the profile of the company and subsequently due to the conversion of the company into a public limited company; the name was further changed to Orbis Securities Limited on January 5, 2004. The name of the company was again changed to Indiabulls Securities Limited on February 16, 2004 so as to capitalize on the brand image of the term â€Å"Indiabulls† in the company name. ISL is a corporate member of capital market derivative segment of The National Stock Exchange of India Ltd. At present, ISL accounts for approximately 3% of the total daily turnover of the Exchange with 32,359 client relationships and 70 branches spread across the country as of April 30, 2004. INDIABULLS CREDIT SERVICES LIMITED:- Indiabulls Credit Services has been valued at Rs. 263 crore with the Rs. 87.6-crore infusion. Indiabulls Credit Services Ltd, the recently formed subsidiary of broking firm, Indiabulls Financial Services Ltd. Faralon Capital, a San Francisco-based private equity fund, and its affiliates have acquired 33.3 per cent stake for Rs 87.6 crore. INDIABULLS REAL ESTATE:- Indiabulls through its group companies has entered Indian Real Estate business in 2005. It is currently evaluating several large-scale projects worth several hundred million dollars. Indiabulls became the first company to bring FDI in Indian Real Estate through a JV with Farallon Capital Management, a respected US based investment firm. PRODUCT OFFERED BY INDIA BULLS 1. Equity Debt Stock Broking 2. Insurance 3. Commodity trading 4. Depository Services 5. Derivatives Broking Services 6. Equity Research Services 7. Mutual Fund Distribution 8. IPO Distribution COMPARISON WITH COMPETITORS reliance money icici direct hdfc india bulls indiainfoline karvy DELIVERY .01% .40-.85% .75-1.0% .35% 0.3-0.5% 1% INTRADAY .01% .02-.04% .05% .035% 0.03-0.05% 0.1% AMC 200 750 600 350-750 500 350 Exposure 5 4 4-6 4-10 6 6 Software free Only for esteemed n.a. 750/p.m. 1000 1800/p.a. Online trading yes Yes yes yes yes yes Min. balance nil 5000(q) 5000 n.a. 5000 5000 MARKET SHARE Indiabulls is the market leader; about 37% of the investors are using the services of Indiabulls, followed by ICICI Direct with 32% customer’s base. According to various studies ICICI Direct is the major competitive of Indiabulls. Reliance Money is gaining its share which is currently at 3.9% market share. INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY The Reliance – Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group is among India’s top three private sector business houses on all major financial parameters, with a market capitalisation of Rs 100,000 crore (US$ 22 billion), net assets in excess of Rs 31,500 crore (US$ 7 billion), and net worth to the tune of Rs 27,500 crore (US$ 6 billion). Reliance Money Limited has been promoted by Reliance Capital Limited a part of Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group with the Net-worth – Rs. 4500 cr., amongst the top 3 banking financial services companies in the private sector. Management Team Chairman : Mr. Anil Dhirubhai Ambani CEO : Mr. Sudip Bandhupadhyay Deputy CEO : Mr. Kapil Bali National Head : Mr. Anshu Azare Regional Head : Mr. Ritu Raj chauhan Cluster Head : Navdeep Kaur Center Managers : Sandeep saini BOARD OF DIRECTORS Anil Ambani, Chairman Amitabh Jhunjhunwala, Vice-Chairman Rajendra Chitale, Independent Director Shri C. P. Jain Shri. P N Ghatalia Reliance Capital Ltd Reliance Capital is one of India’s leading and fastest growing private sector financial services companies, and ranks among the top 3 private sector financial services and banking companies, in terms of net worth. Reliance Capital has interests in asset management and mutual funds, life and general insurance, private equity and proprietary investments, stock broking and other activities in financial services. Reliance Capital entered into lucrative online trading business with Reliance money. There are mixed reports about this online trading platform. It shook up online trading business with cheap brokerage charge offer. Business Overview RCL is registered as a depository participant with National Securities Depository Ltd (NSDL) and Central Depository Services Ltd (CDSL) under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Depositories and Participants) Regulations, 1996. RCL has sponsored the Reliance Mutual Fund within the framework of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Mutual Fund) Regulations, 1996.RCL primarily focuses on funding projects in the infrastructure sector and supports the growth of its subsidiary companies, Reliance Capital Asset Management Limited, Reliance Capital Trustee Co. Limited, Reliance General Insurance Company Limited and Reliance Life Insurance Company Limited. As of March 31, 2005, the company’s investment in infrastructure projects stood at Rs. 1071 Crores. The investment portfolio of RCL is structured in a way that realizes the highest post-tax return on its investments. Reliance Capital Ltd. is one of India’s leading and amongst the fastest growing private sector financial services companies, and ranks among the leading private sector financial services and banking companies, in terms of net worth. Reliance Capital Ltd. has interests in asset management and mutual funds, life and general insurance, private equity and proprietary investments, stock broking and other financial services. Reliance Money limited Reliance Money, a Reliance Capital company, is part of the Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group Reliance Money commenced commercial operations in April 2007. It is a comprehensive financial services and solution provider providing customers with access to Equity, Equity and Commodity Derivatives, Portfolio Management Services, Mutual Funds, IPOs, Life and General Insurance and Gold Coins. Customers can also avail Loans, Credit Card, Money Transfer and Money Changing services. The largest broking house in India with over 2.5 million customers and a wide network of over 10,000 outlets and 20,000 touch points in 5,000+ locations. Reliance Money endeavors to change the way investors transact in financial markets and avails financial services. The average daily volume on the stock exchanges is Rs. 2,000 crores, representing approximately 3% of the total stock exchange volume. Reliance Capital is one of Indias leading and fastest growing private sector financial services companies, and ranks among the top 3 private sector financial services and banking groups, in terms of net worth. â€Å"Success is a journey, not a destination.† If we look for examples to prove this quote then we can find many but there is none like that of Reliance Money. The company which is today known as the largest financial service provider of India. Success sutras of Reliance Money The success story of the company is driven by 9 success sutras adopted by it namely Trust, Integrity, Dedication, Commitment, Enterprise, Hard work, Home work, Team work play, Learning and Innovation, Empathy and Humility and last but not the least it’s the Network . Vision of Reliance Money To achieve sustain market leadership, Reliance Money shall aim for complete customer satisfaction, by combining its human and technological resources, to provide world class quality services. In the process Reliance Money shall strive to meet and exceed customers satisfaction and set industry standards. Mission statement â€Å"Our mission is to be a leading and preferred service provider to our customers, and we aim to achieve this leadership position by building an innovative, enterprising , and technology driven organization which will set the highest standards of service and business ethics.† Highlights of Reliance Money The highlights of Reliance moneys offerings are: 1. Cost-effective The fee charged by the affiliates of Reliance Money, through whom the transactions can be placed, is among the lowest charged in the present scenario. Pay a flat fee of just Rs. 500/- valid for 2 months or specified transactional value. The facility of trading is subject to expiry of the validity period or value limit, whichever comes first. Illustrations depicting fee structure and validity limits Access fee- Rs. 500 Validity- Time validity of 2 months or Turnover validity of Rs. 1 cr., whichever is earlier Turnover limit- Non-delivery turnover of Rs. 90 lac, Delivery turnover of Rs. 10 lac Access fee- Rs. 1350 Validity- Time validity of 6 months or Turnover validity of Rs. 3 cr., whichever is earlier Turnover limit- Non-delivery turnover of Rs. 2.7 cr., Delivery turnover of Rs. 30 lakh Access fee- Rs. 2500 Validity- Time validity of 12 months or Turnover validity of Rs. 6 cr., whichever is earlier Turnover limit- Non-delivery turnover of Rs. 5.4 cr., Delivery turnover of Rs. 60 lakh Unutilized delivery limit may be added to Non-delivery limit 2. Convenience You have the flexibility to access Reliance Money services in multiple ways: through the Internet, Transaction Kiosks, Call Transact (phone) or seek assistance through our Business Partners 3. Security Reliance Money provides secure access through an electronic token that flashes a unique security number every 32 seconds (and ensures that the number used for earlier transaction is discarded). This number works as a third level password that keeps your account extra safe 4. Single window for multiple products Reliance Money, through its affiliates/partners, facilitates transactions in Equity, Equity Commodity Derivatives, Offshore Investments, Mutual Funds, IPOs, Life Insurance and General Insurance products. All overseas investments are subject to rules, regulations and guidelines of the Reserve Bank of India as laid down from time to time 5. 3 in 1 integrated access Reliance Money offers integrated access to your banking, trading and demat account. You can transact without the hassle of writing cheques Demat account with Reliance Capital Hassles free demat account with Reliance Capital. The Annual Maintenance Charge for the Demat Account is just Rs. 50/- per annum 6. Other Services Through the portal www.reliancemoney.com, Reliance Money provides: a. Reliable research, including views of external experts with an enviable track record b. Live news from Reuters and Dow Jones c. CEOs/experts views on the economy and financial markets d. The Personal finance section provides tools that help you plan your investments, retirement, tax, etc e. Analyze your risk profile through the Risk Analyzer f. Get a suitable investment portfolio using the Asset Allocator KEY BENEFITS OF RELIANCE MONEY Equity is a share in the ownership of a company. It represents a claim on the company’s assets and earnings. As you acquire more stock, your ownership stake in the company increases. The terms share, equity and stock mean the same thing and can be used interchangeably. Holding a company’s stock means that you are one of the many owners (shareholders) of a company, and, as such, you have a claim (to the extent of your holding) to everything the company owns. Yes, this means that technically, you own a portion of every piece of furniture; every trademark; every contract, etc. of the company. As an owner, you are entitled to your share of the company’s earnings as well as any voting rights attached to the stock. Another extremely important feature of equity is its limited liability, which means that, as a part-owner of the company, you are not personally liable if the company is not able to pay its debts. In case of other entities such as partnerships, if the partnership goes bankrupt, the partners are personally liable towards the creditors/lenders and they may have to sell off their personal assets like their house, car, furniture, etc., to make good the loss. In case of holding equity shares, the maximum value you can lose is the value of your investment. Even if a company of which you are a shareholder goes bankrupt, you can never lose your personal assets. Reliance Money gives you the access to Over 5000 Schemes of 28 Assets Management Companies (AMCs) with just one account. Some of them included are. Portfolio Tracker Manage your mutual fund portfolio from the Reliance Money account. Benefit from live valuation and alerts and also track NAVs of any scheme online. Choice of investment strategies From just two scheme types (equity scheme and debt scheme) offered when the mutual fund industry was conceived more than four decades ago, today, mutual funds offer a plethora of scheme types with different investment strategies. Life Insurance Reliance Money Account gives you the advantage of buying policies from 12 different Life Insurance companies, helping you get unbiased opinion. General Insurance Reliance Money Account also extends the product offerings from 10 General Insurance Companies with exhaustive range of insurance products that covers most risks including Motor, Health, Property, Marine, Casualty and Liability. Over the Counter Products Your Reliance Money Account makes it so simple for you to buy insurance products that it’s as easy as buying something over the counter. RelianceMoney.com is offering most dynamic web based trading environment to its customers. The new trading platform has many new features which basically fill up the gap between old online trading companies in India and their customers. The Reliance Money trading websites comes with special security features Security Token, which makes you online trading experience more secure without complexity. Stock Trading is available in BSE and NSE. Offline trading is also available through Reliance Money partners in your city and through phone by dialing 022-39886000. TYPE OF ACCOUNT Reliance money is offering 3 types of accounts to its customers. Account for beginners, for meddlers and for experts. How to open account with Reliance Money? Account opening with Reliance Money is easy. Simply fill a form online at below address and somebody from Reliance Money will contact you soon. Advantages of Reliance Money 1. Extra security features with Security which is the most secures and tested technology in computer world. 2. Simple, easy and fast online stock trading. 3. Almost all investment options are available under one account including Equity Trading, Derivatives, Forex, Commodity, IPO, Mutual Funds and Insurance. 4. Branches are now available in all major cities and the number is growing. Branches are open from 9am to 9pm. Online trading is presently at its nascent stage and is not the most preferred option for financial transactions owing to security concerns and lack of accessibility points. Reliance Money through this hi-speed, technologically secure kiosks will therefore be able to reach out to all its existing and potential customers at even the remotest locations in the country without compromising on the security of its customer’s funds. Why should you choose Reliance Money? 1. Because it is from Reliance. Reliance capital has big plans regarding this business. It may announce attractive offers to gain market share. Reliance will never enter into a business with small plans. 2. Its brokerage charges are lowest in the country among major providers. With Rs 2500 prepaid amount, you can trade for Rs 5 crore. 3. Site is simple in design, fast to access and easy to find required information. 4. Its daily reports on market trends and technical breakouts are very useful. 5. Website content is divided according to the requirements of experts and beginners. 6. You can trade in Forex, Derivatives, Mutual funds, IPO and buy Insurance. Why should you stay away from reliance Money? 1. The trading platform is still in development stage. There are many bugs needs to be rectified. 2. Its â€Å"Insta trade† service is not up to the standard. Reliance Money software is a java based simple software. It should provide advanced software to meet the needs of advanced traders. 3. Its system is sometimes very slow and orders are not placed at the time. 4. Its market watch solution is a way behind its competitors like Money control and ICICIdirect. 5. Its service people are not as efficient as competitors. 6. It is still not providing options to buy Post office savings. 7. It is recommending few stocks even when stock markets are on roll. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Reliance ADA Group Structure Products PRODUCTS offered by Reliance Money are: 1. Trading Portal (with almost negligible brokerage ) Equity Broking Commodity Broking Derivatives ( Futures Options ) Offshore Investments (Contract For Differences) D-Mat Account. 2. Financial Products Mutual Funds Life Insurance o ULIP plan o Term Plan o Money Back Plan General Insurance o Vehicle/Motor Insurance o Health Insurance o House insurance IPO’s NFOs 3. Value-Added Services Retirement Planning Financial Planning Tax Saving Children Future Planning 4. Credit Cards 5. Gold coins retailing DATA ANALYSIS The data after collection has proposed analyzed in accordance with the outline laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan. The data collected in the stated manner tabulated according to the corresponding variables. The table thus prepared were analyzed interpreted to draw the meaning, out of the study. 1) Do you know about investment options available? KNOWLEDGE %AGE Yes 80% No 20% TOTAL 100 COMMENT Today scenario is changed so that most area covered by the securities and commodity market. It is 24% of the total population. 2) Most preferable investment scenario. Investment scenario %AGE Shares 24% Mutual Funds 20% Bonds 18% Banks 14% Real Estate 10% Insurance 6% Commodity market 4% Others 4% COMMENT Only 80% people know the exact meaning of investment. Because of remaining 20% take his/her residential property as an investment. According to law purpose this is not an investment because of it is not create any profit for the owner. 3).What is the basic purpose of your investment? INVESTMENT PURPOSE %AGE Liquidity 30% Returns 25% Capital appreciation 20% Tax benefits 10% Risk covering 5% Others 10% COMMENT: 30% people are interested in liquidity, 25% in returns and 10% tax benefits. And remaining 20% are interested in capital appreciations, 15% in risk covering and others. 4). From which option you will get the best returns? INVESTMENT SCENARIO %AGE Shares 26% Mutual Funds 27% Bonds 18% Banks 14% Real Estate 22% Insurance 4% Commodity market 5% Others 4% COMMENT: Most of the people say that Mutual fund gives satisfactory result; following it are bonds, shares and banks. 5).Most important things you take into your mind while making investments? FACTOR %AGE Risk 8% Returns 17% Both 75% TOTAL 100 COMMENT 75% people are considered the both factors risk as well as returns but, only 25% considered the risk or returns factor. 6). Do you have any knowledge of share markets? KNOWLEDGE PERCENTAGE Complete 10% Nil 27% Partial 63% COMMENT On that basis, we conclude that 27% people know nothing about the securities investments and 63% people have partial knowledge about it, so, some promotional activities are required for increasing the awareness about security market. 7) If you invested in Share Market, what has been your experience? options %AGE Satisfactory returns received 20 Burned fingers 6 Unsatisfactory results 8 No Results 66 TOTAL 100 COMMENT: Majority of people are in losses and hence they are getting no results. 8) Are you aware of online Share trading? KNOWLEDGE %AGE Yes 72% No 28% TOTAL 100 COMMENT: 72% of respondents are aware of online share trading while 28% of them don’t know about it. 9) Heard about Reliance money? KNOWLEDGE %AGE Yes 82% No 18% TOTAL 100 COMMENT Majority of people are aware about the Reliance Money, this shows that marketing strategy are good. 10) Do you know about the facilities provided by Reliance money? KNOWLEDGE %AGE Yes 76 No 24 TOTAL 100 COMMENT: In spite of good marketing, only 76% people are aware of services offered by Reliance Money. 11).Do you have any de-mat trading account? ACCOUNTS PERCENTAGE Yes 75 No 25 TOTAL 100 COMMENT Only 75% respondents have de-mat and trading account and remaining 25% says no because they don’t know why shares move up and down. 12).In which company you have d-mat and trading account? COMPANY %AGE ICICI DIRECT 30% INDIAINFOLINE 25% INDIA BULLS 22% Reliance Money 16% KARVY 7% HDFC securities 4% COMMENT In Reliance Money 16% respondents have de-mat trading account because of better services and min. annual maintenance and other charges. 13) What differentiates your Share trading company from others? %AGE Brokerage 23 Operating expanses 25 Services 20 Products 17 Software 15 Total 100 Comment Three main factors are brokerage, operating expenses, services, then is products and software. 14) Which Share trading company provides good exposure? Comments Majority of clients of indiabulls feels that the exposure provided by them is neither high nor low, while some believe it is enough. But in ICICI it is contrary. R-Money gets positive response from majority of clients. 15) Which Share trading company provides its Software to customers? Comment As far as software is concerned, R-Money dominates, followed by indiainfoline. 16) Which Share trading company charges fair Brokerage? Comment Although majority of customers of all the firms feel that brokerage charged is neither high nor low, customers of R-Money are highly satisfied. On the other hand, customers of ICICI are most dissatisfied. And about 40% of customers of indiabulls consider it to be NHNL, and another 40% rate it as good, while 20% feel that it is not quite low. 17) Which Share trading company provides fair operating expenses? Comments As per operating charges, comparison among the firms clearly points out that there is not much difference among the firms. First is R-money, followed by indiabulls. 18) Are you satisfied with your present Share trading company? COMMENT This shows that customers of reliance money are not satisfied while Indiainfoline is stood first in this parameter. FINDINGS ? Majority of clients of indiabulls feels that the exposure provided by them is neither high nor low, while some believe it is enough. But in ICICI it is contrary. R-Money gets positive response from majority of clients. ? Although majority of customers of all the firms feel that brokerage charged is neither high nor low, customers of R-Money are highly satisfied. On the other hand, customers of ICICI are most dissatisfied. And about 40% of customers of indiabulls consider it to be NHNL, and another 40% rate it as good, while 20% feel that it is not quite low. ? As far as software is concerned, R-Money dominates, followed by indiabulls. ? As per charges, comparison among the firms clearly points out that there is not much difference among the firms. First is R-money, followed by indiabulls. ? On the basis of call and trade facility, there is again not much differences. Comparison among ICICI and indiabulls shows that icici has less no. of customers who rated it low as compared to indiabulls and also higher no. of customers rate it good, but indiabulls has the edge over the rest when it comes to customers who rate it very high. ? Customer’s feedback regarding the Research Tips parameter shows that the competition is primarily between three firms- Indiabulls, icici and Indiainfoline. ? Reliance Money is gaining its share which is currently at 3.9% market share by providing better offerings, less brokerage and other services, indiabulls is the market leader. ? Approx. 16% respondents have de-mat trading account because min. annual maintenance and other charges. ? R-Money brought many innovations in products which are liked by customers. ? R-Money’s offerings are very competitive. ? Though reliance money is working very hard in order to meet the competition but there is a gap between the expectations and the experiences of the customers which is widening regularly. ? This gap has emerged because of the sales oriented focus of reliance money. ? In order to increase the sales figures, the company has somewhere ignored the service delivery and left the customer on his own. SUGGESTIONS ? Build relationship with the customers to keep them retained. ? Company should start a system of filling up of feedbacks and complaints online so that rectification of errors can be done easily. ? Company should start a kind of soft skill training program for all of its distributors so that the customers feel the same level of satisfaction as they feel while transacting with the company. ? Though the service quality is good but it should become better consistently as good service and better relationships are the key success factors of current market situations. ? The process of documentation is a hassle for customers as it is not at all user friendly. Company should take care of user friendliness of the system. ? In order to fill the gap between actual and expected, company needs to customize its services as it is dealing into financial instruments. ? These financial instruments are risky and it is very essential to make the customer feel that you are taking care of his money. ? This can be done only if all the services are customized and the system is made transparent for the customer as well as for the employees. CONCLUSION The expectations of the customers are regularly increasing because of the increasing competition and emergence of global market. In such conditions it becomes very necessary for a company to fulfill all the expectations of the customers and give them a delightful experience. Reliance Money aims to provide better services by consistently improvement. The study concluded:- Reliance Money Ltd. has better Portfolio Management services than Other Companies Reliance Money Ltd. keeps its process more transparent. Reliance Money Ltd. is giving more returns to its investors. Reliance Money charges are less than other stock brokers. Reliance Money is providing daily updates about the stocks information. Investors are looking for those investment options where they get maximum returns with less costs. Market is becoming complex it means that the individual investor will not have the time to play stock game on his own. People are less aware about the Services provided by Reliance Money. BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS: (1) Punithawati Pandiyan, â€Å"Security Analysis Portfolio Management†, Vikas Publishing House, New delhi. (2) Financial Markets, The Icfai University press, Hyderabad, 2007. (3) Donald E. Fisher and Ronald J. Jordan, â€Å"Security Analysis Portfolio Management†, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. (4) Zikmund, â€Å"Business Research Methodology† (5) Kothari C.R., â€Å"Research Methodology : Methods and Techniques†, Wishwa Prkashan, New Delhi, 2001. MAGAZINES:- (1) Omkar Goswami, â€Å"New Entrants in Sock Trading†, Business Week, Oct,2003, page 13. (2) Rajesh Gajra, â€Å"Sebi’s Wake Up call†, Business World, June 2008, page20. (3) Srikanth Srinivas, â€Å"Increasing competition in Online Trading†, Business Today, March,2005, page 21. JOURNALS:- (1) Nidhi Walia and Ravinder Kumar, â€Å"Online Stock Trading in India: an empirical investigation†, Indian Journal of marketing, April 2007, page 34-39. (2) Jayanta Kumar Seal, â€Å"Changing Dynamics of Stock Trading†, Portfolio Organizer, Oct. 2007, page 17-25. (3) Aggarwal Sanjiv, â€Å"Stock Trading o Net†, Business Line, Aug. 2000, page 31-37. (4) Mr. Ajay Kumar, â€Å"Comparison of stock Brokers in India†, Indian Journal of Business, June 1999, page 93-96. (5) Nidhi Walia, â€Å"Online Stock Trading in India: on the road of progress†, Applied finance, March 2004, page 21-26. (6) Nay-Fu Chen, Richard Roll and Stephen A. Ross, â€Å"Economic Forces and the Stock Market†, The Journal of Business, Vol. 59, No. 3,383-403, Jul. 1986. INTERNET:- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_Market http://surfindia.com/finance/stock-market.html moneycontrol.com reliancemoney.com sebi.gov.in reliancecapital.com indiainfoine.com icicidierct.com hdfcsecurity.com karvy.com http://nseindia.com http://bseindia.com APPENDIX Questionnaire Name: Age: Sex: Male Female Phone No: 1) Do you know about Investment options available? a) Yes b) No 2) In which of these Financial Instruments do you invest into? a) Shares b) Bonds c) Commodity market d) Insurance e) Mutual Funds f) Banks g) Real Estate i) Others 3) What is the basic purpose of your investment? a) Liquidity b) Returns c) Capital appreciation d) Risk covering e) Tax benefits 4) From which option you will get the best returns? a) Shares b) Bonds c) Commodity market d) Insurance e) Mutual Funds f) Banks g) Real Estate i) Others 5) What are the most important things you take into account, while making any investment? a) Risk b) Returns c) Both 6) Do you have any knowledge of share markets? a) Partial b) Complete c) Nil 7) If you invested in Share Market, what has been your experience? a) Satisfactory returns received b) Burned fingers c) Unsatisfactory results d) No Results 8) Are you aware of online Share trading? a) Yes b) No 9) Heard about Reliance money? a) Yes b) No 10) Do you know about the facilities provided by Reliance money? a) Yes b) No 11) Do you have any D-mat Trading account? a) Yes b) No 12) In which company you have D-mat Trading account? a) Reliance Money d) Karvy b) Indiainfoline e) ICICI direct c) India bulls f) HDFC securities 13) What differentiates your Share trading company from others? a) Brokerage b) Operating Expanses c) Services d) Products e) Software 14) Which Share trading company provides good exposure? 15) Which Share trading company provides its Software to customers? 16) Which Share trading company charges fair Brokerage? 17) Which Share trading company provides fair operating expenses? 18) Are you satisfied with your present Share trading company? a) Satisfied b) Neutral c) Unsatisfied Research Papers on A Competitive Analysis of Trading in Reliance MoneyAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThe Project Managment Office SystemIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductDefinition of Export QuotasResearch Process Part OneInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPETSTEL analysis of India

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The Many Sides of Odysseus throughout the Epic story of the Odyssey - Essay Example In each and every adventure that befalls Odysseus we see various facets of his character and his wanderings are seen as stages in development of humanity as a whole. We learn about ourselves through Odysseus while realizing that each stage of our life is a learning exercise: we live as we learn. The Odyssey, a tale of Odysseus’ journey back home after long years at war is also the tale of his spiritual journey through his own soul. As Odysseus leaves Troy for home, he is the typical bloodthirsty warrior. He leaves Troy feeling almost immortal and this pride is what leads to his downfall. In the course of his journey, Odysseus undergoes a symbolic death and rebirth and in the end becomes an epic hero regaining power over his household and has restored order to his life. Upon his arrival in Ithaca, it is evident that he has become a wiser man- more humble and more respectful. Homer skillfully inter-relates adventures, feelings and experiences of his characters. The vivid description and expressive language make the reading understandable to any age and social group. Even though the story is mythical, filled with ghosts, monsters and giants, the main themes can be interrelated with today’s issues of scheming, cunning, struggle for survival, race New facets of Odysseus’ character are revealed through each of his adventures. After Odysseus and his men depart from Troy, they land in Ismara. After looting the city Odysseus wisely tells his men to board the ships quickly, but they pay no heed and the next morning, the crew is attacked by the Ciconians. Odysseus manages to escape with tears in his eyes for his lost crew. â€Å"But Odysseus, clutching his flaring sea-blue cape in both powerful hands, drew it over his head and buried his handsome face† He does not disclose his identity to the Ciconians showing that he is capable of thinking ahead of his opponent displaying his superior

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Historical Site For Heritage Tourism Tourism Essay The Team Jamaica Handbook, 2006 defines tourist as any person who visits a country or place for more than twenty-four (24) hours but less than a year for a variety of reasons other than employment. One of the most popular attractions for tourist activities on vacation is visiting historical and culture sites. According to the tourism technical report (1998), Since the 90s Heritage Tourism has been the growth segments of the industry, given the countrys rich history and culture. Jamaica has attracted quite a large number of persons, both locally and internationally. It has become apparent that there has been a growing interest in historical and cultural aspects of Jamaicas life among visitors who travel to our country. (Chang 1997) has defined Heritage tourism as the phenomenon in which the cultural, historical and ethnic components of society or places are harnessed as resources to attract tourists, as well as develop a leisure and tourism industry. While, the national trust defines it as a traveling experience, the places and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past and present. It includes historic, cultural and natural resources. As a result, the whole aspect of heritage tourism can be categorized into several facets called themes as laid out in the 2002 Tourism Master Plan. These includes natural wonders, slavery and emancipation, churches, great houses, maroons, Pre-Columbian Jamaica, forts and fortications and popular customs such as music, dance, dress and language. The case study focuses on the parish of St. Catherine being restored and promoted as a historic site for heritage tourism. Jamaica has been promoted as the island for sun, sea, sand and winter get-away for a number of years. It is where tourists come to frolic and take part in recreational activities. Jamaica consists of fourteen parishes, with St. Catherine been one of its parishes nestled between Clarendon and St. Andrew/Kingston. This Parish was the first area to hold the first capital, Spanish Town, of Jamaica. Hence, this parish holds tremendous sentimental and valuable rich culture that has nourished and molded Jamaica. Heritage Tourism is important as the development of assets is the key to sustainable development as it ensures that the product reflects the culture and aspirations of the Jamaican people. In restoring and promoting heritage tourism, it can become a tedious process so it is essential to promote our cultural remnant and customs that will attract heritage visitors. Through this process, it will be able to do more for local economies by providing jobs, promoting community pride and the structure for new business. Thus, the parish of St. Catherine has been neglected for long while and should be taken into consideration for restoration. Statement of Problem The parish of St. Catherine holds many historical sites which has not been restored and promoted. This research to be carried asserts that Heritage Tourism in St. Catherine has been in decline for a number of years. This has been the case because of the less attention being given to it by tourism managers in the area. Robert Bateman quotes that we need to look back at our wonderful, natural and human heritage, and cherish and protect the abundant values to be found there. We need to look out to the sides and see other parts of the world that need our help and can provide good ideas to go forwardà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.we need too look ahead to be certain that our actions of today will make the world a better and richer and more varied place for our grandchildren and their grandchildren. This goes to show that conserving ones heritage is a growing concern that the Tourism Product Development Company has been placing further emphasis on development of Heritage Tourism and to widen the market f or Eco-Nature and Adventure Tourism. Heritage Tourism seems to be one of the many options to enlarge St. Catherines product base as well as enhancing Jamaicans understanding of their identity and preserving their valuable heritage. 1.2.1 Background to Research Problem The Tourism industry in Jamaica has been in full effect for years being one of the most anticipated places for tourists. In fact, tourism started to blossom in Jamaica after World War I when improved methods of transporting people to the island were established. The visit numbers have risen tremendously over the course from sixty four thousand in 1938 to One Million Six Hundred and Sixteen thousand Four Hundred and Thirty in 1993. This confirms that tourists are drawn to our island for what it has to offer. The major tourist sites are mostly on the north coast where people visit for the pleasant weather, white sandy beaches and resorts. These areas are mostly limited to Montego Bay, Ocho Rios, Negril and Port Antonio while the parish of St. Catherine is used as a commercial centre next to Kingston which in turn holds a few numbers of visits for tourism appreciation. St. Catherine therefore needs a boost to sustain the heritage facets of tourism services. Due to the lack of many amenities to partake in, the deep roots of our heritage in St. Catherine may provide means of satisfying the Jamaican economy and the people who visit. All parts of this parish holds substantial cultural significance since it was the first home of Jamaicas capital, Spanish Town in 1534 and the home of the British Governor of the Island in that year. Most of St. Catherines heritage is held in the small town of Spanish Town holding the Parish Council, Supreme Court and House of Assembly. In 2011 an article was published criticizing Edmund Bartlett for not developing Spanish Town into a tourist destination. Then Mayor of Spanish Town and chairman of the St. Catherine Parish Council argued that the old capital should be restored and developed as a tourist mecca because Mr. Bartlett did not respond to his letter, thus emphasizing that he was not concerned with appreciating the true value of heritage tourism which contributes to eighty percent (80%) of tourism worldwide. In St. Catherine, there are various heritage facilities that will cater to the needs of tourist wanting to experience more of the heritage and a culture exchange. Some of these sites includes: bridges such as Flat Bridge, Old Iron Cast bridge, public buildings-Kings House, Military Structures-Barracks, Museums-Peoples Museum of Craft and Technology, monuments-Rodney Memorial, Churches-Phillipo Baptist, and forts-Fort Augusta and Fort Small. This comes to show that there are over twenty (20) buildings and area of interest that could be categorized as heritage sites. If St. Catherine is marketed properly it may attract hundreds of tourist to the parish. 1.3 Limitations to study ` The research is limited to the parish of St. Catherine, to residents and persons who have visited the area. The Jamaica Tourist Board along with the Tourism Product Development Company will also be used as they are responsible for developing, restoring and promoting cultural heritage in Jamaica. 1.4 Purpose of Study The aim of this research is to see how St. Catherine can be restored and promoted as a historical site for Heritage Tourism. The parish of St. Catherine which is located on the southern coast of Jamaica was chosen because it plays an integral role in our history. St. Catherine holds the first capital of our island, Spanish Town. The research is a source of information that lays out the current areas and applications to be carried out to make St. Catherine a travelled tourism destination for Heritage Tourism. They will be able to integrate and recognize different historical issues in the parish and determine various ways of making St. Catherine a diversified area for the tourism industry. Weiler and Hall has opined that culture, heritage and the arts have long been one of the appeal factors of tourists destinations and culture has been rediscovered as an important tool to attract the travelers with special interests in heritage. This statement justify that, persons will be impacted su ch as residents of St. Catherine, tourists and other visitors. Not only negatively through restoration but positively through fostering job opportunities, attracting visitors interested in history and preservation and diversifying the local economy. 1.5 Significance of Study The proposed research will determine ways on restoring and promoting St. Catherine as a destination for Heritage Tourism. The researcher hopes that the result of this study, the government will develop strategic measures to instill this area so it is preserved and protected. Since the parish has been neglected as far as the year 2009, the tourism body consisting of Ministry of Tourism, Jamaica National Heritage Trust, Jamaica Tourist Board and Tourism Product Development Company should put in place comprehensive and well conceived polices in order to encourage the restoration of the historical assets that each company constitutes. St. Catherine has the prospective to become a Heritage Tourism destination because of its distinct historical and cultural heritage and can provide visitors with unique experiences. Thus the significances should not be ignored but addressed to maintain the value of tourism in Jamaica. 1.6 Definition of Terms Tourist: Is any person who visits a country or place for more than twenty-four (24) hours but less than a year for a variety of reasons other than employment such as recreation, leisure, holiday, business, family and friends, or meeting. (Team Jamaica Handbook, 2006) Restoration: According to the Tourism Glossary (gdrc.org), restoration is returning existing habitats to a known past state, or to an approximation of the natural condition through repairing, degradation and removing introduced species. Promotion: All the activities in producing and increasing sales, including advertising, publicity and personal selling or the activities that supplements and makes more effective advertising and personal selling. Special events individually treated to bring public attention to specific products (Bhatia). As applied to the tourism industry, the most important function of marketing is to bring about an awareness of the product in the minds of existing as well as prospective consumers in the overall market area (Khan, 2005). Heritage Tourism: This is the phenomenon in which the cultural, historical and ethnic components of society or places are harnessed as resources to attract tourists, as well as develop a leisure and tourism industry. (Chang, 1997) 1.7 Research Questions/Hypotheses This research was premeditated and carried out to study three main research questions that will help St. Catherine become flourishing through restoration and promotion. They are: What is the present status of Heritage Tourism in St. Catherine? How can Heritage Tourism be restored in St. Catherine? How can Heritage Tourism be promoted in St. Catherine? 1.7.1 Hypotheses: St. Catherine, Jamaica can be restored and promoted as a historical site for Heritage Tourism. 1.8 Chapter Summary This chapter recaps the problems being faced of not using St. Catherine as a heritage site for Jamaica as well as the importance of the researchers topic and how it will affect persons such as the residents and tourists in St. Catherine. It gives a general overview of heritage tourism in Jamaica and St. Catherine along with various citations from persons who have said something about the issue of Heritage tourism and an understanding of different terms used throughout the introduction. 1.9 Thesis Overview The research is divided into five sections called chapters which are prearranged in the following way. The first section is an overall overview of the topic chosen including the introduction, statement of problem, background to research problem, limitations to study, purpose of study, Significance of Study, Research Questions/Hypotheses, and Definition of Terms. The second part holds an extensive description of St. Catherine as a heritage site. It also gives a brief story of the area of study and the major historical sites it holds, and the different practices taken to involve restoring and promoting heritage tourism as it relates to the research topics, questions and problems. The third section of the research examines the type of instrument used for the methodology to obtain information. Section four presents the findings, analysis and confers the results gathered from all findings. Lastly, section five draws the conclusion and presents recommendations and probable approaches to the topic.